Gyratory crusher



1961 A. THOMAS 3,006,562

GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed July 10, 1959 Fig.2

IN V EN TOR.

wgmm

United States Patent Ofitice 3,006,562 Patented Oct. 31, 1961 3,006,562 GYRATORY CRUSHER Adolf Thomas, Duisburg, Germany, assignor to Esch- Werke K.G., Duisburg, Germany, a firm Filed July 10, 1959, Ser. No. 826,161 Claims priority, application Germany Nov. 3, 1958 5 Claims. (Cl. 241156) The invention relates to a gyratory crusher with eccentric movement between the breaking head and the breaking mantle and one-sided enlargement of the inlet opening which acts as a fore-crusher.

The object of such constructions is to avoid the use of particular fore-crushers or fore-crusher plants, respectively, which have to fore-crush the large sizes of material occurring in the stone-pits to sizes suitable for the breaking mouth of the customary gyratory crushers.

With known gyratory crushers of this kind the cross section of the one-sided enlargement of the fore crushing space has the greatest width permanently in its vertical middle plane and the width decreases towards both sides.

This brings about that a piece of material which fills up the greatest width of the fore-crushing space is subjected not only to the crushing effect of the eccentric gyratory movement but, subsequently thereof, a large part of the crushed pieces will continue to be crushed also during its movement through the narrower growing gap along the circumference of the crushing space before these pieces of material attain the main crushing space joined below.

Thereby the lining of the crushing ribs of the forecrushing space will be unnecessarily overloaded, worn out, and over-exerted in favour of the crushing lining of the main crushing space. Further, there may easily occur a disarrangement of the material, as within the narrower growing gap of the fore-crushing space, also small introduced pieces will be grasped which, instead of directly arriving at the main crushing space, in the first instance, stay in the fore-crushing space preventing a uniform flowing oil of large pieces.

In order to avoid these drawbacks, according to the invention, the conic internal wall of said enlargement is arranged, with respect to the axis of the eccentric movement, concentrically or with an equal radius in both directions. By this it is secured that on the eccentric crushing movement in the fore-crushing space exclusively the large introduced pieces will be crushed, but only so far as they can enter the main crushing space, whilst the further breaking up of the pieces is being brought about within the main crushing space along the whole circumference of same. In this manner the whole crushing proceeding is uniformly apportioned onto the fore-crushing space and the main crushing space. Only the space between the enlargement formed as a crushing jaw and the breaking head or the breaking axle, respectively, extending along the region of the enlargement serves for fore-crushing whilst the remaining part of the inlet mouth does not participate in the crushing action. Accordingly, the wall opposite to the enlargement is outwardly inclined from its head to its foot.

In order to assist the uniform flowing off of the pieces crushed in the main crushed space the crushing ribs of the crushing jaw of the enlargement are arranged in parallel with respect to the vertical middle plane of the enlargement.

The application of this fore-crushing enlargement of the inlet mouth to gyratory crushers having a breaking axle which at its upper end is held by a ball and socket joint mounted on a spider supported by the inlet mouth ring is particularly advantageous.

The spider can be stiffened at its side opposite to the enlargement by a short supporting arm or by a wall completely covering the part of the inlet opening located opposite to the enlargement.

In the following an example of embodiment of the invention will be described.

In the accompanying drawing:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view partly in cross section of the crusher.

FIG. 2 is a modified top view of the crusher with which the upper opening of the inlet mouth ring opposite to the enlargement is closed.

The breaking head axle 1, mounting the breaking head 2 and being at its lower end gyratoringly moved by an eccentric sleeve 3, in such a way, that its axis 4 describes a slight conic mantle surface around the axis 5 of the breaking mantle 6 surrounding the breaking head 2, is, at its upper end rockably mounted in all directions to a limited extent by a ball and socket joint. The ball and socket joint 7 is carried by the inlet mouth ring 8. This can be brought about in a known manner by a spider fixed to the upper end of the ring 8 (FIG. 1) or by a closed wall connecting the one half of the upper end of the ring 8 with the casing of the joint 7. The inlet mouth ring 8 put on the breaking mantle ring 6, now, is formed as a fore-crusher by being enlarged outwardly at one side. This enlargement 9 is formed concentrically with respect to the axis 5 of the breaking mantle, the interior surface of the inlet mouth ring being in upwards direction more outwardly inclined than the breaking mantle. At the interior surface of the enlargement breaking ribs 11 are placed. In the region of height of the enlargement 9 a free portion of the breaking afle 1 is located which is provided, opposite to the breaking ribs 11, with a breaking sleeve 12, thus that on the gyrating movement of the breaking head axle 1 with respect to the breaking mantle 6 the arriving pieces of material just fitting between the breaking ribs 11 and the sleeve 12 of the fore crushing space being crushed as far as they are enabled to enter the main crushing space '14 between the breaking mantle and the breaking head, in order to be broken up to the intended size of grain. By arranging the interior surface of the enlargement 9 concentrically with respect to the axis 5, the fore-breaking space between the enlargement 9 and the sleeve 12- has, in all axial planes, the same average width so that a piece of material, on its movement towards one side of the enlargement, cannot be crushed to a corn being smaller than that which descends along the vertical middle plane of the enlargement. In this way, overloading of the crushing ribs of the enlargement will be avoided and a uniform flowing off of the large pieces will be secured.

As fore-crushing only takes place within the enlargement 9 and the remaining part or" the inlet mouth ring does not participate in the fore-crushing the wall 10 of the inlet mouth ring opposite the enlargement can be from the upper end inclined outwards. From this a considerable saving of material is attained. Besides this the portion of the inlet mouth ring opposite the enlargement can be completely covered and the cove ring 15 wall simultaneously can serve as an additional support for the ball and socket joint 7.

With this arrangement in which the upper end of the breaking head axis is articulatedly supported the eccentric amplitude of the breaking axis in the region of the enlargement is smaller than in the region of the main crushing space 14 so that the pressing force on fore-crushing will be greater than that in the main breaking space.

Naturally, the invention may advantageously be used with conical crushers where the breaking mantle accomplishes the eccentric movement and with which the breaking head axle is not mounted in an upper ball and socket joint.

What I claim is:

1. In a gyratory crusher of the class described, an inlet ring having an inlet month, a breaking head, a breaking mantle, means for establishing an eccentrically gyrating movement of said breaking head about the axis of said breaking mantle, said inlet ring put on the upper end of said breaking mantle having one sided conical upwardly increasing enlargement and being provided at the interior surface with breaking ribs, a head axle carrying said breaking head, an upper elongated portion of said head axle located opposite the region of said enlargement and being provided with a breaking sleeve, the space between said breaking ribs of said enlargement and said sleeve serving as a fore-breaking space, said interior surface of said enlargement being arranged concentrically with respect to the axis about which the head gyrates.

2. In a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, and a Wall portion of said inlet mouth ring lying opposite to said enlargement, and being inclined upwards and inwards.

3. In a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, said breaking ribs of the enlargement being directed parallel with the vertical middle plane of the enlargement.

4. In a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, and a two armed spider bridging said inlet mouth ring, a ball and socket joint rockably mounting the upper end of said breaking axle.

5. In a gyratory crusher according to claim 1, and a two-armed spider bridging said inlet mouth ring, a ball and socket joint rockably mounting the upper end of said breaking axle, a wall covering the opening between said spider and the part of the rim of the inlet mouth ring located at the side of the spider remote from said enlargement serving as an additional support for said ball and socket joint.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 759,643 Sturtevant May 10, 1904 997,918 Jones July 11, 1911 2,186,596 Spohn Jan. 9, 1940 2,188,666 Spohn Jan. 30, 1940 2,656,120 Roubal Oct. 20, 1953 2,934,277 Thomas Apr. 26, 1960 

